Covid-19 Vaccine khan thih thutna a thlen tak tak em?

- Joel Lairemsanga

     Covid-19 hripuiin kum 2019 atanga khawvel a han chawh buai tak tak kha chuan mi thiamte'n vaccine dang ang lo takin Covid-19 laka invenna vaccine chu hun rei lo tê chhungin an siam chhuak der mai a, hei hian sawi zui a hlawhin mi thiam dang tam tak khel pawh a hlawh hle. Chutia vaccine ber a lo awm tak si-ah chuan vaccine la tur hian chak tak leh rang taka hma lak nghal char char a ni a, hmun thenkhatah phei chuan la ngei ngei tura invauna rawngkai te pawh hriat tur a awm nghe nghe a nih kha.

     Covid-19 vaccine lak beihpui thlak pawh ngawrh taka kalpui a nih zui takah chuan mi tam takin vaccine hi an la a, hmun tam zawkah phei chuan a la lo an tlem zawk hial awm e. Hetiang taka hri danna la an tam takah chuan sawi neuh neuh pawh a lo awm thar ve zel bawk. Tun hnaiah a chhan pawh hriat si loha muhil kaih thawh zawh loh leh thih thut thut a tam hle a, covid vaccine lak vang a nih rinna leh sawisepna a lo inlar chho ta a, Covid-19 hripui len hma aiin a len hnuah thih thut thutna pawh a hluar zawk nia sawi pawh mi nawlpui bakah mi thiam tam tak zingah pawh an lo awm ta zel a.

     Platform hrang hranga mi thiam tak takin an rin dan leh hmuh dan kaihkawpin tunlaia thi thut thut an tam ta em em hi hun reilote chhunga siam chhuah Covid vaccine lak vang kha ni theia an hriat dan an tarlang a, hei hian mi nawlpui a tiphawklek ta a ni ber.

     Hetiang thu lengvel hi thil ni thei leh pawmawm tak a ni em tih zawhna hi chhan tumin i lo bih chiang teh ang.

     Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) leh National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) te'n ngawrh taka an zir hnuah India ram chhunga thih thutna lo thleng ta mawlh mawlh mai hian Covid vaccine lak nen inzawmna a nei lo tih an zir chhuak. 

     Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare chuan ''Ram chhunga a chhan pawh hriat loha thih thut thutna lo thleng tam ta em em hi Agencies tam takin ngawrh takin an zir chiang a, thih thutna leh Covid-19 vaccine lak hian inzawmna a nei reng reng lo tih hi an thil zir chhuah chu a ni'' tiih thuchhuah a siam. 

     Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) leh National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) zirchiannain a tarlan danin Covid-19 vaccine kha mihring tan a him em em a, Covid hri laka invenna tha tak a ni bawk. ''Thih thut thutna lo thleng hi lung natna avang a ni deuh ber a, inthlahchhawn thil avang te, nunphung hrisel tawk loh avang te, natna kawl sa neih avang te leh Covid-19 vei hnua natna dang vei vang te a ni e'' tiin an tarlang.

     An thil zirchian kawngah hian ICMR leh NCDC hi an thawkdun a, kum 18 leh kum 45 inkara upa mi tam takah zirchianna hi an kalpui a, zir chiang tur hian reasearch beih dan kawng hnih - past data investigation leh real-time investigation an hmang. ICMR hian tih tak thlaka zirchianna hi May atanga August 2023 chhung khan State leh Union Territories 19-a damdawi in lian 47-ah a kalpui. Hrisel tha em em thin; nimahsela October 2021 leh March 2023 inkara thi ta thut te kha chipchiar takin an zir chiang a, Covid-19 vaccine hian thih thutna a thlen lo e tih hi an thutlukna chu a lo ni ta a ni. 

     ICMR-in sum hmanga a puihna hnuaiah All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi chuan a zir chiang ve bawk a, thih thut lo tamna chhan ber chu lung natna lar tak - Myocardial Infarction vang a ni a, hetiang natna avanga thi zat hi Covid-19 vaccine hmuh chhuah hma aiin a pung hluai chuang lo e tiin an tarlang. Vaccine lak vang kher ni lovin khawvel changkang zela nunphung hrisel loh avang te, natna vei ruk neih avang te-in thih thutna hi a lo tam ta hrim hrim zawk a ni e an ti bawk. 

     Scientist tam tak pawhin covid-19 vaccine-in thih thutna a thlen tih hi chu thu puarpawleng leh belhchian dawl lo em em, science thiamna hmang pawha fiahna awm lo, rin dan satliah mai mai a ni a, mi nawlpui a tiphawk lek a, mi tam takin tun hnu zelah natna hrang hrang laka invenna vaccine lak pawh an hreh phah mai ang tih a hlauhawm. Chuvangin hetiang rin dan vawrh darh hi ram hmasawnna tithuanawp hial thei thil tha lo tak a ni e an ti. 

     ''India hian a ram mipuite himna leh hriselna atan zir chianna paltlang thiamna leh inenkawlna him leh rintlak chauh a kalpui zel dawn a, ram mipuite pawh ngaih tha taka awm zel turin kan ngen e'' tiin sorkar laipui chuan thuchhuah a siam ve bawk.

​Thlasik laia hrawk na leh khuh tih reh dan awlsam

- Joel Lairemsang

     Thlasikah hian hrawk na leh khuh hi a hluar thin em em a, hei hi mi tam tak chuan thlasik lo thleng tur an huphurh chhan a tling ve tlat nia! Doctor-te damdawi chawh chi tam tak ei chung pawha dam mai lo, manganpui an tam thin hle. Boruak vawt, sik leh sa inthlak, ei leh in sa leh dai ei inkarthlak chhen te hian hrawk na a thlen ve thei tih kan hriat a tha ang.

     Tun tumah hian inenkawlna hautak lo tak, hun leh tha sen viau ngai lova mahni in lamah awlsam taka tih theih kan sawi dawn a, kan sawi tur hi mi tam takin an lo tih fo thin leh an lo dampui thin, thlasika hrawk na leh khuh nasa an neih apianga an la tih zel a ni tih hre bawk ila.

     Hemi atana kan mamawh chu:-

* Thirfian lian pangngai tak pakhat.

* Khawizu thirfian te khat.

* Chi uih (Black salt) thirfian te chanve.

* Thinghmarcha (Black pepper powder) thirfian te chanve.

* Thuk (Gas stove).

     Heng kan mamawhte kan neih kim tawh chuan hetiang hian sawngbawl zui tur a ni:-

Step 1-na: Gas stove hmangin thirfian mawng chu hem sat tur a ni a, sa lutuka hem hauh loh tur a ni thung; chuti lo chuan thirfian sa hian hmui a tikang palh thei a ni.  

Step 2-na: Thirfian i hem satah khan thirfian te khat khawizu i neih-sa kha i bun nghal ang. Khawizu hi hrawk thip leh hrawk na damdawi tha tak a ni a, thirfian sa-a i thlak khan khawizu hi a lo lum ta a, tichuan a chakna a lo pung ta sawt mai a ni.

Step 3-na: Chi uih (Black salt) thirfian te chanve kha i thlak ve leh ang. Black salt hian hrawka khak khal awm a tinem a, hrawk a lo veng sawt a, tichuan khuh a lo tlem ta tial tial thin a ni. 

Step 4-na: Hei hi kan sawngbawl dan tur hnuhnung ber a ni. Thinghmarcha thirfian te chanve kha telh ve leh mai tur a ni. Thinghmarcha hian hrawk leh chuap vung tur a vengin a vung sa a tidam thei a, khak awmsa paih chhuah kawngah a pui a, khuh benvawn pawh a tidam thei.

     Awle, kan tih tur step zawng zawng kan ti zo tawh a, sawngbawlna hmanrua pawh kan hmang zo ta. Tunah chuan lum pip pepa awm turin nghah daih tawh tur a ni. Liah ngam khawpa nghah daih a nih hnuah chuan in zawh tawh mai tur a ni. 

     He kan thil sawngbawl hi thlasik laia hrawk na, khuh leh awm hnawk damdawi tha tak a ni a, mi tam takin an dampui thin a ni a, a uarte phei chuan chawplehchilhin a dampui nghal theih an ti hial mai. Eng hunah pawh in a that rualin zing kawruah lai leh zan mut dawna in hi a tha ber zawk a ni.

Theihnghilh theih loh lirthei rothap - JONGA

- Joel Lairemsanga

     Gypsy leh tunlaia lirthei awmkhauhte lo pian hma hian India ram chhung tlangram, thlaler leh indona mualah tuma elphak lohva lal lo hrawt tawh, nawmsip bawlna tura duan ni lo, tlo leh rintlak leh chak tha tak ni tura siam lirthei awmkhauh deuh mai a awm a, chumi chanchin chu kan sawi tur hi a ni. Chu lirthei tha leh tlo zet mai, chak em em bawk si chu eng dang ni lovin - ''Nissan Jonga'' ngei mai kha a ni.

     Nissan Jonga hi India sipaite lirthei chhuanvawr, khawiah pawh kal thei ti-a fak lo hlawh reng tawh a ni. Mawlmang taka siam ni chung si-a a chak tha em em mai te, a awmkhauh avang leh a tlo em avang te-in kum 1965 atanga kum 2000 chhung khan India sipaite innghahna, a kila lung pawimawh ber pakhat a lo ni ngar ngar thin. A hming ''JONGA'' tih hi a hming lamtawi zawk niin a hmingpum chu - ''Jeep Of Nissan Government Assignment'' tih a ni a, mizo tawng chuan ''Sawrkar hman tura Nissan Company-inJeep a siam'' tihna a ni ber awm e.    

     Jonga hi Japan thiamna hmanga siam lirthei niin Japan lirthei siam Nissan Patrol 4W73 platform entawna duan a ni a, Nissan Company phalnain India hian Jabalpur-a Vehicle Factory-ah a siam chhuak ve a, hemi hmun atang hian ramriah te, thlalerah te leh tlangramah te sipaite tana thu awih tak leh taima taka hna thawk turin sang tam tak thawn chhuah a ni. 

     A engine hian petrol a hmang a, 3.9L inline-6 Petrol niin boruak leh petrol chawhpawlhna atana carburetor hmang chi a ni a, chuvangin carbureted engine tih a ni. A engine block leh head hi thir tha taka siam a ni bawk. Horse Power hi duhthlan turin 110hp leh 145hp a awm. 2000 RPM-ah pawh torque sang tak a pe chhuak thei a, chumi awmzia chu a engine hian fuat a ngah hle a, rang taka tlan kher lo pawhin hmanhmawh hauh lova che tual tual chungin a chak em em mai tihna a ni ber awm e. Petrol dal tak leh bal em em hman pawhin a engine hnathawh hi a buai ve mai mai hauh lova, tunlai lirtheite ang lo takin hmun vawt em emah pawh a thiltihtheihna a danglam ve chuang der lo bawk.  

     A thatzia hre chiang sipaite chuan ''Petrol a alh theih chhung chu Jonga hi a tlan thei reng a ni'' tiin fiamthu an thawh hial thin. 4-speed manual gearbox a nei a, mawlmang taka kan sawi dawn chuan gear pali a nei tihna a ni. 4x4 system chak tha em em mai a nei a, 2-wheel drive, 4-wheel Drive High leh 4-wheel Drive Low a nei a, mizote ngaihsan em em Special Gear chak tha elkhen a nei bawk tihna a nih chu. 

     Ladder frame chassis a nei a, a hmalam leh hnunglamah leaf spring a hmang ve ve a, Dana-style live axles a hmang bawk a, heng te avang hian a awmkhauh em em a, sawp a dawlin a tlo bur mai a ni. A siamtute siam chhan ber hi tlo tur leh awmkhauh tur a nih miau avangin lirthei chuan nuam tak chu a ni hauh lo. Buai hauh lo leh hnehsawh takin Kg.1000-a rit bungruate lek lek chu a phur nal nal thei a, rit a phur chung pawh hian kawng diak leh nal em em hmunah te, tlangpang khawkrawk em em hmunah te, vur hmun leh thlaler vaivutah pawh buai miah lovin a che tla thei a, hei hi lirthei dang tan chuan thil tih theih loh tluk a ni thung. 

     Kan sawi tawh angin India sipaite'n rim tak leh tangkai taka an chhawr tura duan a nih ang ngeiin laipui hnuhna atan te, sipai thiarna atan te, officer chuanna atan te, chhun leh zanah ramri vilna atan te tangkai taka hman a ni a, sipaite hian an sawisel ngai meuh lova, an hnuchhawn ngai lo a, siam that theih lohva kalsan an nei ngai hek lo.

     Jonga hian India tan hnuhma ropui a lo hnutchhiat hnem hle a, kum 1965-a India leh Pakistan indonaah te, kum 1971-a Bangladesh lo pian chhuahna tura indonaah te, Kashmir leh Siachen hmun sang lutuka sipai chet velnaah te leh ramri venghim tura chet laknaah reng reng Jonga hian tha a thawh hnem hle a, a kila lung tangkai ber a ni a tih theih hial ang. Kum 1985-a Maruti Gypsy a lo pian chhuah hma leh kum 1990-a Mahindra MM550 a lo pian chhuah hma zawng kha chu chhawktu pawh nei lem lovin Jonga hian ritphurh hna a lo thawk ngat ngat mai a ni ber.     

 

     Kum 1990 atang khan sipaite hman hnu Jonga thenkhat chu man tlawm te tein mi nawlpui hman theih turin lilam a ni tan ta a, a then chu Rs.25,000-a hralh niin a then te erawh Rs.60,000-a hralh te a ni hlawm. Mipui nawlpui kuta a lo awm tak hnuah pawh Jonga-te hian rim taka chhawr an la dawl hle a, a hun laia Jonga nei pha ngat te kha chuan ngaihsan an hlawh mai a ni lo a, a neitute pawh khan an chhuang ve hle niin a lang. 

     Mipui nawlpui tana hman theih tura lilam a lo nih takah kha chuan mipui lawm a hlawh lehzual a, a bik takin India hmachhak - Mizoram, Nagaland leh Manipur-ah te, Punjab leh Haryana State-ah te a larin an hralh tamzual bik nghe nghe. A thatzia leh tlo zia, a chakzia leh awmkhauh zia hria pa titi thiamte phei chuan - Tlang pawh a lawn thei; A phurh len theih aia tam mihring leh bungrua pawh a phur zo; Ramhnuaiah pawh dah ila kawng awm lo pawhin a lo haw leh thei; Amah aia rit thingtum a hnuk thei; A tlu tawp a nih loh chuan thingkungah pawh a lawn thei; - ti tein tawngkam hlimawm tak tak an chhak chhuak a. Heng an tawngkam hlimawm em em phenah hian Jonga thatzia a lang chiang hle a ni.   

     Petrol Litre 1 hian Km.6 vel chauha hla a thlen theih avangin petrol a heh hle ni-a hriatna a lo awm ve ta a; nimahsela mi thenkhat erawh chuan mihring pawh mi chak apiangin chaw an heh a, Jonga pawh hi a chak em a, petrol a heh te chu thil nihphung pangngai tur ve reng alawm tia a thlavang hauhtu tam tak an awm.

     Kum 1999 atang khan Nissan Jonga siam chhuah hna hi tihtawp a lo ni ta a, he thu an hriat avang hian mi tam tak chu pawi an tih avangin an tap hial niin an sawi a, an demawm hauh lo ve. A chhan chu Jonga thatzia hre chiang apiang a zunah an uai a ni ber a, hetia an duh leh duat ngawih ngawih maiin mual a liam tur chuan an hnuk a tiulh a, an neih mek Jonga-te chu rei tak an kawl theihna atan an duat thar hle. 

    Nissan Jonga siam chhuah hna tihtawp a ni ta mai hian zawhna a siam tam hle a, a chhan ni-a sawi pawh a inang lo hle. Kan sawi tawh ang khan petrol a  heh em avangin enkawl a hautak a, hei vang hian tihtawp a ni ti-a sawi an awm a, power steering a awm loh avangin driver tan khalh a hahthlak a, chuvang chuan an siam duh tawh lo a ni ti-a sawi an awm bawk. Chuan a nawm loh avangin a tawp ta a ni ti an awm laiin khawvel changkang zelah boruak tibawlhhlawh lo tura sawrkar hmalakna kal mekah lirthei khu chhuak tlem chi siam tura dan (BS standards) duan a nih avangin sawrkarin a tihtawptir ta a ni e ti an awm bawk. A siamtu Vehicle Factory, Jabalpur hian khu chhuah tlem chi SD33 engine hmanga Jonga engine hi thlak a tum zet naa a thulh leh ta thung.

     Lirthei zangkhai leh tuan rang zawk Gypsy a lo chhuak a, siam chhuah awlsam zawk Mahindra MM550 a lo chhuak ta bawk a, hengte hian Jonga hi an thlak ta a; nimahsela kan hriat tel ngei ngei tur chu India sipaiin JONGA thlakna atana Gypsy leh Mahindra MM550 an thlanna chhan chu Jonga aia an chak zawk vang a ni hauh lo tih hi. Siam chhuah a awlsam zawk avang leh petrol a heh loh zawk avang te, a tuanran vang te, a ritsak loh zawk avang te-a thlan an ni ber. Vawiin thlengin sipai tam tak chuan Jonga chakzia kha sawi nuam an la ti em em zawk a ni.  

     Tun dinhmunah chuan India ram pumah hian Jonga la tlan thei hi 900 vel a la awm nia chhut a ni a, a pum puia tuai tharte ngat chu Rs. Nuai 15-a zawrh te an la ni hiala sawi a ni. Hetianga tuai hnum leh chei tharte hi chu disc brake vuah te, power steering neihtir te, a chhunglam tihchangkan te an ni tawh. Jonga pianphung ang lirthei; nimahsela a engine-ah lirthei dang daih engine hlan tam tak a awm bawk a, hei hian JONGA-in lirtheia tuite thinlungah hmun a la chan thukzia a tarlang chiang hle.      

      Vawiinah chuan JONGA chanchin hi thawnthu ang-a sawi a lo ni ta a, thawnthu ngaihnawm tak, mi tam tak ngaihthlak peih zawng a ni bawk. A zuna uai mi thenkhat chuan uluk leh roh takin an la kawl hram hram a, a hlutzia hriaa chei hnum thar ta zel an awm bawk. Heng mite hian Jonga nei satliahah an inngai  lo a, History ropui lutuk theihnghilh hlen a nih lohna tura a chanchin ziak thar zeltuah an inngai zawk hial. 

     Nissan Jonga hian India ramri venghim turin ke chhep tawh lo hlenin, India ram kawngpui hi min zawhpui tawh kher lo a ni thei; nimahsela India sipaite rilruah te, amah ngainatute thinlungah te, amah lo enkawla lo thununtu, a thatzia hre chiangtute hriatna zungzamah erawh a thi ve lo ang a, a nung reng thung ang. 

  

     

Lung tileng Nissan 1 Ton mawlh kha || A chanchin ngaihnawm

- Joel Lairemsanga

    Mizo zingah hian i hmuh phak chinah lirthei awmkhauh leh tlo, chak leh pa bawk si engnge i hriat tiin han inzawt ta ila, mi tam tak chuan naupan laia kawng chhiaah a taksa âwn bâwih bâwih khawpa a che vel kha mitthla chungin 1 Ton ngat le kan ti ngei ang. 

    Khati khawpa motor tha leh rintlak 1- Ton kan hmuh phak tam tak kha chu India sipaite'n an hman hrep tawh hnu leh an hlui hlawn tawh, civil mite hman tura an hralh phal tawh khawpa an hman fe hnu a ni zawk a, mi nawlpui neih te kha chu second hand chu sawi loh, pu tam tak lo hrawn hrep tawh, khaw hrang hranga lo tal hrep tawh hnu te an ni zawk a, hei hian lirthei chak leh tlo a nihzia a nemnghet chiang hle. 

    Khawvel pum huap pawhin Nissan 1 Ton hian hriat a hlawh a, ram hrang hrangah a hunlai na na na chuan hralh a tla hle a ni awm e. Kum 1970 atanga kum 2000 kum tir lam inkar chhung khan siam a ni a, a chak avang te, a engine a mawlmang a, enkawl a awlsam bawk si avangin a lar phah em em a, thil tlo chhinchhiahna atan hial hman a nih phah nghe nghe.

   Kawng engkimah a hman theih vek a ni ber a, sumdawnna lian ber atanga te ber, khawpui lian ber atanga thingtlang khaw te ber thlengin a tangkai dan leh a thiltihtheihna a pangngai vek a, lirthei lawm hlawh ber pawl a ni. Lirthei lian ber bur ni si lova thil phur thei a nihna te hi khawpuiah pawh a lar chhan a ni ve bawk. Hmun hrang hrangah a koh dan pawh a inang lo thluah a, hmun thenkhatah chuan Nissan Cabstar tiin an ko a, hmun thenkhatah ve thung chuan Nissan F22 tih te niin, Nissan 1-Ton Pickup ti-a ko an awm bawk. 

    1-Ton hi Japan thiamna hmanga siam niin Japan company Nissan siam a ni a, a hming ang chiah hian a siamtute hian Ton 1 -a rit thil phur tura an duan a ni a, a siamtute ruahman aia rit hi a phur ber zawk hial awm e. An siam laia an rilrua awm lian tak pakhat chu lirthei engine mawlmang leh enkawl hautak lo tak, tlo bawk si, chak tha bawk si tih a ni a, 1-Ton hian a siamtute duh dan hi a phur chhuak chiang hle tih chu kan hre vekin a rinawm.

    Nissan 1-Ton hi technical taka a hming pum chu Nissan 4W73 a ni a, Japan lirthei siam tho Nissan Patrol leh Carrier entawn deuha siam a ni. Japan Company Nissan phalnain India hian  sipaite hman atan Madhya Pradesh-ah Jabalpur-a Vehicle Factory-ah  a siam ve a, keini 1-Ton hmuh te kha India siam leh sipaite hman tawh hnu a ni. India sipaite'n 1-Ton hi an chhawr tangkai hle a, sipai leh bungrua, ralthuam leh ration thiar velna atan kawng chhia leh kawng thaah an hmang rim hle. 

    A Engine-ah hian diesel leh petrol hmang chi duhthlan tur a awm a, 3956cc niin 6-cylinder a ni a, siam chhuah hmasak te kha 128bhp-a chak a ni hlawm. Mizote ngainat zawng tak 4x4 niin hei vang hian kawng chhia a ngam em em mai a nih kha. A khân hi a sang tha hle a, 222mm lawiha sang a ni a, hei hian hmun khawkrawk leh diakah che vel turin thatna tam tak a thlen a ni.  

    A siamtute hian nuamsa taka hman tura an duan a ni lo hrim hrim a, chu ai chuan tlo leh awm khauh turin ladder frame chassis neiin an siam a, hei vang hian a awm khauh hle a, a chuan hi a nuam hle tih tur chu a ni hauh lo. Enkawl nuam tura mawlmang taka siam a nih bawk avangin a chhiat pawhin siam zung zung a awlsam a, hei hi mi tam tak a lêm chhan lian tak pakhat a ni. Khawiah pawh chhia se, a siam thiam an lo awm mai zel e tih tur khawpin a engine hi a mawlmang tha hle a ni. 

    Hralh a tlakna em em chhan pakhat chu a engine-ah duhthlan tur a awm hi a ni a, hei vang hian a hmanna tur azirin duhthlan tur - diesel engine leh petrol engine a awm a, thil tha tak a ni. Petrol engine-ah hian chi hrang a awm  a, chungte chu - Z24 (2.4L), J16 (1.6L) leh NA20 (2.0L) te a ni. Heng petrol engine te hi a smooth hle a, enkawl a nuam a, a spare part man a tlawm em em bawk. Diesel engine hi a lar zawk mah niin a lang a, diesel engine-ah pawh hian TD27 (2.7L) leh QD32 (3.2L) engine te hi a lar hle. A chhan chu a chak em em a, petrol engine aiin diesel pawh a hek lo zawk bawk si a. Diesel litre khat hian Km.13 a thlen thei a, hei vang hian sumdaenna thilah an hmang nasa hle. Uluk taka enkawl lem loh pawha a tlan thei zel mai hi lirthei dang tam tak aia 1-Ton hlutna em em chu a ni. 

    A pian hi a simple hle naa awmzia a nei thung. Cabin hian tukverh lian tha tak neiin khawthlir a nawm phah hle. A body hi steel khawng tha taka siam a ni a, a tlo hle. Power steering leh tunlai motor changkanga thiamna bilh ang hi a awm ve lo a; nimahsela a mawlmang avangin a chhiat thulhah pawh rilru hahna a tlem em em thung lawi si a ni. 

    Leaf spring rear suspension leh rigid rear axle a hman avang ngawt pawh hian rit a lak pawhin a thlamuanthlak bik em em mai a, thil rit tak a phurh lai pawhin a nghet churh mai a, thunun a nuam em em bawk niin an sawi. 

    A larna em em pakhat leh chu a that dan ngaihtuaha a man a tlawm em em mai hi a ni. A that dan hisapin a man a tlawm a, enkawl a hautak lo a, spare part a tamin a man a  tlawm bawk si a, hengte avang hian ram hrang hrangah pawh a lar phah a tih theih ang. 

    A thatna hrang hrang kan sawi rualin a sawiselna lam pawh a lo awm ve tho mai. Petrol engine hian petrol a heh em em a, a bikin load rit a lak hian a heh zual hle niin an sawi. Boruak hnawng leh tuipui kam boruakah chuan a body hi a tuiek awl hle a ni awm e. Tunlai lirtheia awm ang chi - power steering, air conditioning, advanced braking system leh electronic control te hi a nei ve hauh lo a, chuvangin hetiang lam ngaisang leh ngaina tan chuan Nissan 1-Ton hi lirthei tha chu a ni hauh lo thung ang. Nimahsel lirthei awmkhauh leh enkawl awlsam, chak tha bawk si ngaina tan erawh chuan lirthei ngainatawm tak a ni thung ang. 

    Tunah chuan siam chhunzawm ni tawh lovin lo chawl tawh mah se Nissan 1 Ton hi light commercial vehicle segment-ah na na na chuan icon a tling a, a awmkhauhna te, thiamna bilh a mawlmang ang aia a tha si te, a rintlakna te hi theihnghilh theih a ni lo ang. Hetih mek lai hian upa tak chung siin tunah hian Asia khawmual ram thenkhata hmun kilkhawrah te, Africa leh Latin America-ah te chuan vawiin thlengin an la hmang a, hei hian a tlo zia leh rintlakzia a tarlang chiang hle kan ti thei ang. 

    Engineering thiamna hmanga thil siam chhuah tlo leh daih rei sawi dawn ila chu Nissan 1 Ton hi entirna tha tak, sawi lan ngei chi a ni. Ralthuam leh sipai lam mamawh phuhrukna atan te, sumdawng lian te tan mai bakah mimal thlengin an mahawhna zawnah chhanna petu a lo ni tawh thin a, thawnthu ang maiin a chanchin hi sawi lo ngai tawh mah se rit phur chi lirthei huangah na na na chuan a hming hi lam rik zingah a tel reng tawh ang.

   A vanglai leh chhawr fe a nih tawh hnua a che tla hmu hman te'n a chanchin hi vawiin thlengin sawi nuam an la ti a, amah thununa enkawl pha te ngat phei chuan a chanchin hi chhuang tak leh lungleng takin an sawi hial ngeiin a rinawm. 

I ngaihthlak duh chuan hei hi hmet rawh

     

B-2 Bomber hian ngam miah loh pakhat a lo nei ve tlat nia!

- Joel Lairemsanga

    US Air Force-te innghahna lian tak leh an chhuan em em chu B-2 spirit stealth bomber hi a ni. Cold war lai khan a ruk thei ang berin Northrop company-in a siam a, tun thlengin chhawrnahawm takin hna a la thawk a, US Dollar tluklehdingawn hnih zeta hlu he thlawhna hian nuclear ralthuam tam tak a pai thei a, a tuibawm khata tuialhthei thun hian thun belh miah lovin Km.11,000-a thui a thlawh thlenpui thei a, thelh hauh lovin a tum tak a bomb fuh chat chat thei bawk. Hetiang khawpa Bomber hlauhawm hi nimahse ngam miah loh pakhat a nei ve a, chu chu eng dang ni lovin ruahsur a ni. 

    Radar-in a hmuh mai mai theih lohna turin B-2 bomber pawnlam mam tha zet mai hi radar absorbent material (RAM)-a chulh chhuah vek a ni a, he RAM hian radar zungzam lo kal kha a lo hip bet chat a, a thil hmuh hrilh tura let thei tawh lovin a zungzam chu a chambang ta a, tichuan radar-in B-2 hi a hmu thei ta lo a ni. 

    Nimahsela B-2 pawnlam chulh chhuahna atana rawng an hman hi a chhe awlsam em em a, hun rei pangngai tak ruahsurin a nan huh a nih vaih chuan he rawng hi awlsam takin a rawn puar a, a khawk ta mai thin a, tichuan radar-in awlsam takin a hmu chhuak thei ta zung zung mai a ni. 

    Hetiang khawpa thlawhna man to leh changkang si hi engineer-te hian ruahtui mai mai ngam tur hian an siam duh lo emni tiin zawhna kan nei maithei; a nihna takah chuan radar hmuh theih loh tur leh ruahtui ngam bawk tur siin an la siam thiam tlat lo a ni zawk a, hei hi thilmak ve tak chu a ni. Radar laka a inthupna radar absorbent material-ah hian rang emaw, khem emaw leh rawng khawk emaw a awm hlek chuan radar-in a hmu thei tlat a, hetiang taka enkawl uluk ngai lo tura siam chhuah dan hi engineer te hian an la hre lo a ni ber awm e. 

    Mipui nawlpui phur chi thlawhna te, ralthuam leh sipai phur chi thlawhna te, indo thlawhna pangngai te, bomb thlak chi thlawhna dang te hi chu an tumhmunah hulhliap hnuaiah kher lo pawh ni leh ruah do pawisa lovin dah an ni mai thin a, nimahsela B-2 bomber erawh a hranpa liau liaua siam hulhliapah hun a ngai bik a, hei hi hna hautak em em niin sum mai bakah tha pawh a heh hle niin an sawi. 

    B-2 hi rang taka thlawhpui nghal nal nalh theih a ni lo e an ti leh zel a, hei hi a chhan ber chu a thlawh chhuah hmain a hmelhmang leh taksaah tui chambang a awm em, tuiin rawng tihran a nei em, sensor-ah thil danglam a awm em tih zawng zawng uluk taka enchian hmasak phawt a ngaih vang a ni. 

    Hetiang taka enkawl a hautak avang hian bomb thlak tura chet a lak aiin a awm mai mai enkawl hi a hautak zawk daih an tih phah hial. Kum 1997-ah daih tawh khan US Congress chuan "B-2 bomber hi ralthuam enkawl hautak em em a ni a, thiamna lo sang hle tawh mahse ruahtui leh boruak hnawng ngam tura siam thiamna neih a la ni tlat lo a. Ruahtui mai mai ngam lo nimahsela kan ram innghahna ralthuam tha ber a ni lawi si a ni" tiin report a lo siam tawh nghe nghe. 

    Ruahtui a ngam loh avang hian he bomber hian chhiatna lian tak a lo tawk tawh a, chu chu February 23, 2008-ah khan niin Spirit of Kansas tia an vuah B-2 bomber pakhat chu Guam hmuna Anderson Air Base-ah siam that tlak tawh loh khawpa nasain a tla chhia a. A chhan an han chhui chuan a tlak chhan ber chu key sensor-ah ruahtui a luh vang a lo ni. Khawl changkang tak a nih avangin electric hrui kal vel a tam hle a, sensor-a buaina hian chhiatna a thlen ta a lo ni. 

    Pilot pahnih chu an inkap chhuak hman a, pilot pakhat zawk erawh chuan hliam na tak tuarin spinal cord injury a nei. He chhiatnah hian US hian dollar tluklehdingawn hnih man ralthuam a chan a ni mai lo a, US Aviation History-ah chhiatna a tawn tawh zingah chuan pawisa a chan hnemna ber pakhat a ni.

    Kan sawi tawh angin khawvela ralthuam rothap leh hlauhawm em em ni si hi ruah lakah chuan tui ang a nem tlat mai a, hei vang hian B-2 bomber hmanga chet lakna an kalpui dawn reng rengin khawchin an ngai pawimawh hmasa ber a, ruahsur a hnai dawn nia a lan chuan an chetlak tum an thulh hmak thin.  

    Hetiang hian ngam loh lian tak nei mahse B-2 spirit bomber hi US ralthuam chhuanvawr a ni reng tho a, van boruak viltu changkang ber ber pawh paltlang a, hmelma ram chhungah nuclear bomb va thlak thei long range bomber tha berah ngaih a la ni reng tho. Kumin 2025 June thlaah pawh khan US hian Iran nuclear hmunpui bomb chhiatna atan B-2 spirit bomber pasarih a tir a, GBU-57 massive ordinance penetrator bomb sawmpali hmangin hlawhtling takin an hna an hlen a nih kha. Hei hian B-2 bomber hi US innghahna a la nih zia a lantir chiang hle.

    Northrop Grumman-in Bomb thlak chi thlawhna changkang tak an siam B-21 Raider meuh pawh hi B-2 entawna siam a ni a, amaherawhchu enkawl hautak lo zawk tura duan a ni tawh thung. 

    Ralthuam hlauhawm leh tha sawi apiangin B-2 spirit bomber hi sawilan a ni zel a, ro pawh a rel rei tawh hle. Hetiang khawpa ralthuam tha leh changkang ni mahse mihring siam a nihna hi a bo chuang lo. Mihring thuhnuaia kun a nihzia chu hringfate chunga leng khuarel a ngam lohna hian a lantir chiang hle a, chu chu kan rin loh lam daih - ruahsur a ni.

I ngaihthlak duh chuan hei hi hmet rawh

India-in a vawi khatna atan mipui phur chi thlawhna a siam ve dawn ta

- Joel Lairemsanga

    India chhul chhuak Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) chuan India ramah ngei mipui phur chi thlawhna SJ-100 a siam theihna atan Russia company Public Joint Stock Company United Aircraft Corporation (PJSC-UAC) nen thla hmasa October 27, 2025-ah khan inremna thuthlung an ziak.

    PSU-in a tarlan danin he inremna thuthlung hi HAL aiawhin Prabhat Ranjan leh PJSC-UAC aiawhin Oleg Bogomolov te chuan hming an ziak a ni. 

    An inrem dan chuan HAL hian mipui phur chi thlawhtheihna SJ-100 hi India ramah zalen taka a siam phalsak a ni a, he thlawhna hi ralthuam lama hman tur ni lovin mipui nawlpui tana hman tur a ni thung ang. Hetianga HAL leh UAC inremna leh thawhdunna hian India leh Russia inthian thatzia a lantir chiang hle a ni an ti. He inremna avang hian a vawi khatna atan India-in passenger phur chi thlawhna a siam ve dawn ta tihna a ni a, hna tau tam tak a tet bawk dawn a ni. 

    SJ-100 hi passenger phur chi thlawhna niin thui lo te te thlawk chi a ni a, a siam chhuaktu ram chu Russia a ni.  A tirah chuan Sukhoi Superjet 100 tih a ni a, a tira siamtu company chu Sukhoi Civil Aircraft a ni. SJ-100 hian engine pahnih a nei a, a pianhmang hi a lian lem lo hle. A vaiin SJ-100 hi zahnih chuang zet siam chhuah a ni tawh. Khawvel pumah airlines 16-in an hmang mek a, heng zinga pakua chu Russian airlines an ni. 

    Official website-a tarlan a nih danin SJ-100 hian mi 103 a phur thei a, a tui bawm khata tuialhthei a pai hian Km.3530-a hla a thlawh thlenpui thei. Company dang thlawhna siam aiin a enkawl a hautak lo zawk daih a, eng sik leh saah pawh a buai hauh lo a ni awm e. Boruak vawt lutuk -55 degree celsius-ah buai miah lovin a thlawk thei a, khaw lum em em +45 degree celsius-ah pawh buai map lovin a thlawk par par thei tho bawk a, hei vang hian India sik leh sa atan chuan duhthusam a ni dawn niin an sawi. A tul dan azirin thlawhna chhung hi a rem danglam zung zung theih bawk. 

    HAL-in a tarlan danin he thlawhna hi sumdawnna atan chauha hman tur a ni a, ram chhung mi nawlpuiin zin veivahna atana thlawhna an hman ve theihna tura duan UDAN Scheme kalpui mek tihhlawhtlinna hmanrua pawimawh tak a ni dawn a ni. Mi thil chikmite chuan tun atanga kum 10 lo awm turah chuan India hian ram chhungah mipui phur chi thlawhtheihna 200 chuang a mamawh tawh dawn a, ram pawna thlawk chhuak tur thlawhna 350 a mamawh belh bawk dawn niin an sawi. Ram chhung ngeia SJ-100 siam a ni tur hian hetiang mamawhna zawng zawng hi a phuhru vek thei dawn niin an sawi bawk.   

    ''India-in SJ-100 thlawhna a siam tur hi Indian Aviation Industry-ah chuan bung thar pawimawh tak niin history-a chuang reng tawh tur a ni. Kawng engkimah India chu ram intodelh ni tura 'Aatmanirbhar Bharat' scheme kalpui mek tihhlawhtlinna kawng  pawimawh tak a ni'' tiin HAL chuan a puang bawk.

I ngaihthlak duh chuan hei hi hmet rawh

India-in drone nuai chimit hmak hmak tur ralthuam changkang a nei dawn

- Joel Lairemsanga

 

    Khawvel changkang zelah indona hmanrua pawh a chi a tamin a hlauhawm ta em em a, heng zinga kan sawi hmaih hauh loh tur chu bomb thlak thei camera thlawk chi drone hi a ni. Drone hi ralthuam hlauhawm leh chhawrnahawm tak a nihzia chu Russia leh Ukraine indona kal mekah hian a lang chiang hle a nih hi. 

    Hetiang tak hian drone hian ralthuamah hmun pawimawh a luah a ni tih hi India hian a hre chiang hle a, chuvangin India rama hmelma drone lo thlawk lut hmu chhuak zung zung thei tur leh lo kap thla nalh nalh thei tur ralthuam tha tak India khawmual sipai leh thlawhna sipaite hman atan tunah hian order a siam mek. 

    He drone hmet mit tur khawl hi India ram chhungah ngei India thiamna hmang ngata siam a ni dawn a, he ralthuam hian van boruak Kms.2-a sanga hmelma drone thlawk a hmu thei dawn a, a hmuh veleh hna thawk thei lo turin laser chakna hmangin a nuai chhe hmak hmak zel dawn a ni. 

    Hmelma Drone kah chhiatna ralthuam hi a hming atan Integrated Drone Detection and Interdiction System Mark 2 (IDDS) tih a ni a, Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)-in a siam dawn a ni. IDDS hian kilowatt 10-a chak laser beam a hmang dawn a, hei vang hian Km.2-a hlaa hmelma drone awm a hmet mit hmak hmak thei dawn a ni. 

    Operation sindoor kalpui a nih lai khan Pakstian-in drone a hmang uar hle a, hei vang hian India hian laser chakna hmang drone hmuh chhuahna leh kah chhiatna ralthuam neih tum hian chak takin hma a la ta char char mai a ni. 

    DRDO vêk hian Km.5-a hlaa awm hmelma te hmun pawimawh kah chhiatna tur kilowatt 30-a chak laser beam hmang direct energy weapon system a lo enchhin tawh a, a hlawhtling hle. 

    A vawi khatna atan India hian kumin 2025, April thlaah khan kilowatt 30-a chak laser beam hmangin indo thlawhna, missile leh drone te a kah thlak theih thu a lo puang chiang tawh nghe nghe. Hei vang hian hetiang ti thei ram US, China leh Russia te zingah India hi chhiar tel a lo ni ve ta a ni. 

    The Centre for High Energy Systems & Sciences (CHESS) chuan Andhra Pradesh-a Kurnool hmunah Land version of Vehicle mounted laser-directed weapon DEW MK-II (A) hlawhtling takin a lo enchhin tawh bawk a, hemi tum hian a enchhinna atana tih drone leh surveillance sensor tam tak a nuai chimit barh mai a ni a awm e.

    Kan sawi tawh angin tunlai indonaah chuan drone hian hmun pawimawh a chang ta a, chuvangin India pawh hian IDDS hi thahnem tak nei sela thil duhawm tak a ni. DRDO chief Dr. Samir V. Kamat chuan DRDO hian ralthuam changkang neih kawngah chak takin hma a la reng a, high-energy system, high-energy microwaves, electromagnetic pulses leh kawng hrang hrangah nasa takin hmalakna a kalpui mek reng a ni a ti.

I ngaihthlak duh chuan hei hi hmet rawh

Tui hnuai lawng tha ber tur hian khawvel a barakhaih chiang hle

- Joel Lairemsanga

 

Sweden company chhuanvawr Saab chuan khawvela tui hnuai lawng changkang ber leh 5th generation vessel hmasa ber ni tura a duan mek A26 submarine chu chhuang takin a chanchin a rawn puangzar a, hei hian ralthuam lama tui mite ngaihven leh sawi zui a hlawh hle. 

Radar hmuh theih loh tura duan a ni te, hna tam tak tum khata a thawk thei tur te, ralthuam tha leh changkang ber ber a paipawn dawn avang leh thiamna ril tak tak bilh a nih avangin ngaihven a hlawh a, tuipui lama lal hrawt tura ralthuam tha ber ber siam kawngah intlansiakna nasa tak a thlen ngei dawn niin an sawi. Chutiang khawpa thawm rawn nei lian A26 submarine chungchang hi tawi tein i lo tarlang dawn teh ang.

Kan sawi lan tawh angin A26 tui hnuai lawng hi Saab company siam mek niin khawvela 5th generation submarine hmasa ber tur a ni a, tui hnuai lawng tha ber ber siam kawngah inelna lian tak a thlen ngei a rinawm. Thiamna ril tak tak hmanga siam a nih piah lamah radar hmuh theih loh tura a inthup bo vang vang theihna tura a hranpa liau liaua tuam chhuah a nihna hian mite ngaihven a hlawh phah lehzual hle. 

Tui hnuai lawng pangngaite chuan hmelma radar-in a hmuh theih lohna atan passive sonar system an hmang a, A26 erawh hi chu radar hmuh theih loh tura a hranpa liau liaua duan rawng chi tha bik hmanga tuam chhuah a ni thung a, hei hian magnetic leh electric signal te a hmet mit hmiah thei a ni. A stealth technology hi a tha hle a, eng sik leh sa leh tui awmkhauh eng angah pawh a hnathawh a buai dawn miah lo a ni. 

A26 submarine hi multi-domain operation ti thei tura duan a ni a, chumi awmzia chu tum khatah hna chanpual tam tak a thawk thei a, khawmual, tui leh boruak veng turin a rualin hna a thawk mawlh mawlh thei tihna a ni. Chuvangin khawmual sipai leh lawng sipaite'n inthurual takin he tui hnuai lawng uapna hnuaiah hian hna an thawk thei dawn tihna a nih chu. 

A siamtu Saab company sawi danin he A26 hi NATO tan a tangkai dawn hle a, "NATO lunglawmna thlen turin A26 hi kan hlan e" tiin an sawi lang nghe nghe. Tum khatah tui leh khawmual leh van boruakah ngen mu a kap chhuak thei a ni mai lo a, hmelma che vel enthlakna atan te, hmelmate khawl changkang tibuai tur tein he A26 hi a hman vek theih dawn niin an tarlang bawk. 

A26 hian Artificial Intelligence hmangin sensor information tam tak a dawng thei a, rang takin thutlukna a siam zung zung thei. Data tam tak a enfiah zung zung thei a, information a sem chhuak zung zung thei bawk. 

A siamtu company te hian hmelmate hriat lohva zalen taka chet vel theih te, radar hmuh theih loh tura stealth technology rintlak leh thuruk hmuh chhuah zung zung theihna te hi an ngai pawimawh hle a, hetiang ti thei vek tura siam chhuah hi an tum lian tak a ni bawk. Hetiang ti thei tui hnuai lawng a nih avangin A26 hi a chungnun phah hle kan ti thei ang. 

A26 hi hriat chhuah mai mai theih loh turin tui hnuaiah a biru khiau thei a, hmelmate thuruk a hmu chhuak zung zung thei bawk dawn niin an sawi. Stirling Air-independent Propulsion (AIP) system a nei a, hei vang hian tui hnuai thuk takah pawh rei tak a chawl vang vang thei a, a engine hi a chakin a tha em em a, ngaihtha takin tui hnuaiah a bihruk vang vang theih phah dawn bawk a ni. 

Ri hriatna leh man zung zungna khawl tha tak a nei a, camera chak leh fiah tha tak, hla tak tak man phak a neih bawk avangin thuruk pawimawh a man zung zung thei a, hei hi a hlutna em em pakhat a ni. An thuruk a ru chhuak thei tih hmelmate'n an hre thei lo lehzel tur hi tui hnuai lawng dang aia a chungchuanna em em pakhat a ni leh bawk. 

Kan sawi tawh angin tui leh khawmual leh boruakah hna a thawk kawp thei vek a, tuia kal thei bomb a kap chhuak thei a, missile chi hrang hrang a kap chhuak thei a, electronic warfare a thawk thei vek  a, a thlamuanpuiawm hle dawn a ni. 

Hmelmate che vel a hmu ru khiau thei a, an chet vel dan atangin an thusawi leh an chet lak tum dan amahin a chhui zui char char thei zel a nih chu. Hetiang taka hmelmate thuruk a khawn khawm theih avang hian A26 enkawltu sipaite tan chet lak dan tur ngaihtuah buai a ngai ve tawh dawn lo a, hna a awlsamin hun a hek dawn lo a, hlawhtling takin chet a lak zung zung theih tawh bik dawn a ni  

An sawi danah phei chuan A26 hi ralthuam a ni satliah ngawt lo a, hun lo la awm tura ralthuam lama hmasawnna bul tanna hmahruai a ni an ti hial. Ralthuam a ni ngawt lo a, future war strategies hmanraw pakhat a ni e an ti deuh kher.  Tuipui mawng a venghim pha vek angin tui hnuaia hrui pawimawh kal te a venghim thei a, tuipuia thil thleng a thlithlai vek thei bawk. A khaikhawmna atan a awmna tuipuia thil thleng zawng zawng chu a hriat loh leh hmuh phak loh rêng a awm lo ti ila thu kan uar lutuk lo ang chu.

 

Hetiang khawpa tui hnuai lawng tha chungchuang tur hi a siam mektu Saab company pawh hian a chhuang hle a ni ang, a siam zawh hma hauhin a chanchin hi a rawn puangzar ta chu a nih hi.

Nghakhlel takin A26 hi nghah mek niin a siam pawh a hautak hle a, kum 2015 atang daih tawh khan a siam hna bul hi tan a ni a, kum 2022-ah khan siam zawh hman beisei a ni nain zawh hman a ni ta lo a ni. Tunah erawh chuan a hmawr bawk hna an thawk thleng tawh a, kum 2027-ah a hmasa ber tur hi siam zawh hman ngei tumin chak takin hna an thawk mek reng a ni.

I ngaihthlak duh chuan hei hi hmet rawh